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ICEX Commodity Profile – Turmeric
Turmeric is a rhizomatous herbaceous plant, botanically know as
Curcuma longa. Turmeric is a native of Tropical south Asia (India). The
tuberous rhizomes or underground stems of turmeric are used from
antiquity as condiments, a dye and as an aromatic stimulant in several
medicines. Turmeric is a very important spice in India. Turmeric
oleoresin is obtained by solvent extraction of the ground spice. It is
orange-red in colour and consists of colouring matter, volatile oil,
fatty oils and bitter principles.
Economic importance
- Turmeric is mainly used as spice or flavourant; colourant of brilliant
yellow dye, cosmetic and drug.
- It has medicinal properties like stomachic, carminative, tonic, blood
purifier, vermicide and antiseptic.
- The active constituent of turmeric is curcumin, which has a wide range
of therapeutic effects.
Global Scenario
Turmeric production is distributed across the Asian region and Nigeria
in Africa. Among the Asian countries, turmeric is widely cultivated in
India, China, Myanmar and Bangladesh. India is the largest producer,
consumer and exporter of Turmeric. Other producers in Asia include
Pakistan, Taiwan, and Indonesia. Turmeric is also produced in the
Caribbean and Latin America.
Domestic Scenario
Indian turmeric has been known to the world since from ancient times.
India accounts for 78% share in world production and 60% in world export
share. Turmeric is the third-largest spice exported from India. Indian
turmeric is considered as the best in the world because of its high
curcumin content. Major turmeric growing states are Andhra Pradesh,
Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Orissa.
Turmeric is grown as a kharif crop in India. Peak arrival season for
turmeric is between March and April. Nizamabad in Andhra Pradesh is the
major trading center for turmeric and act as reference market for
turmeric prices in India. |
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