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ICEX Commodity Profile – Cumin (Jeera)
Cumin (botanically known as Jeeraum cyminum L) is a seed spice of an
annual herb. It is a native of the Levant and Upper Egypt and known to
Egyptian even in 5000 BC era. Cumin seed is commonly known as “jeera” in
India. Jeera is a widely used flavor in India and Middle East countries.
It enjoyed a major role as a flavoring spice and of medicinal value
throughout history. Jeera is used mainly where highly spiced foods are
preferred.
Economic importance
- Jeera is used as a flavor in food along with other spices.
- Its seed contains 2.5-4.5% of oil. Oil (oleoresin) extracted from jeera
is used in various industries.
- Jeera is used a common flavour in confectionery, meat and sausage and as
a preservative in food processing. in food processing.
- Jeera is also used as stimulant, antispasmodic, carminative and
antimicrobial agent.
Global Scenario
Jeera is cultivated in countries such as Syria, Iran, Turkey, China and
Latin America besides India. India is the largest producer and consumer
of jeera. Jeera harvesting takes place in February and March in India.
While at other origins, it takes place in June and July month. This gap
in supply has kept the Indian jeera at an advantage position in the
international market.
Domestic Scenario
India is the largest producer, consumer and exporter of jeera. Gujarat
and Rajasthan are the major jeera producing states in India. Uttar
Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh produce small quantity of jeera. In the
country, about 15 to 20% of the total output is exported and rest is
consumed internally.
Jeera is grown as a rabi crop in India. March is the peak arrival period
for jeera. Unjha is the major trading center for jeera. However, jeera
prices in Jaipur are higher in comparison to Unjha because of the better
quality of Jeera in Jaipur market. |
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