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ICEX Commodity Profile – Aluminium
Aluminium (Al) is the third most abundant element in the earth's
crust and constitutes 7.3% by mass. It has become the world’s second
most used metal after steel. It does not rust and is 100 percent
recyclable. The metal has a long working life due to its propensity for
recycling. Aluminium ore, most commonly bauxite, is plentiful and occurs
mainly in tropical and sub-tropical areas - Africa, West Indies, South
America and Australia - with some deposits in Europe.
Economic importance
- Aluminium is a good conductor of electricity.
- It is strong, durable, flexible, impermeable and light-weight metal.
- It is used to produce cooking utensils and foils, radiators and building
insulation.
- It is used for transport and packaging applications.
Global Scenario
China alone accounts for 29 percent of global primary aluminum
production. Russia, Canada, the USA, Australia, Brazil, Norway and India
are the principal producing countries after China. These countries
account for about three quarters of world output of primary aluminium.
Asia accounts for 44 percent of the global aluminium production in 2008.
USA is a net exporter for aluminium. Canada and Russia account for
almost three-fourths of total imports.
Domestic Scenario
India ranks sixth in alumina production, eighth in aluminium production
and fifth in aluminium consumption in the world. The country has the
fifth largest bauxite reserves with deposits of about 3 bn tonnes or 5%
of world deposits. The per capita consumption of aluminium in India is
abysmally low at 0.8 kg as against 25 kg in USA, 19 kg in Japan, 10 kg
in Europe and 3 kg in China. The Aluminium industry is highly
concentrated, with just five plants accounting for the entire production
capacity of around 1.2 million tonnes per annum. |
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